Spontaneously occurring cardiovascular lesions in commonly used laboratory animals

Herman, Eugene; Eldridge, Sandy

doi:10.1186/s40959-019-0040-y

Cardio-Oncology

Table 1 Cardiotoxic Effects of Selected Chemotherapeutic Agents in Animals

From: Spontaneously occurring cardiovascular lesions in commonly used laboratory animals

Drug	Class	Types of Alterations	Animal Model	Reference
Lapatinib	Protein kinase inhibitor	Myocardial necrosis	C57BL/6 mouse	[7]
Nilotinib	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Increased heart weight	Sprague-Dawley rat	[8]
Imatinib	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Cytoplasmic vacuolization, myofibrillar loss, necrosis	Sprague-Dawley rat	[9]
Sunitinib	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Capillary proliferation, vacuolization, pericardial inflammation, age-related increased myocyte size	Sprague-Dawley rat	[10]
Sunitinib	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Mild vascular congestion	ICR mouse	[11]
Cyclosporine A	Immunosuppressant	Myocardial edema, inflammation, disorganization, necrosis	Sprague-Dawley rat	[12]
Doxorubicin	Anthracycline	Atrial thrombosis, myocyte vacuolization and degeneration; interstitial inflammation	ICR mouse Wistar rat Beagle dog New Zealand rabbit Miniature pig	[13,15,16]
Sorafenib	Tyrosine kinase inhibitor	Swollen vacuolated myocytes; myofibrillar disorganization	Mouse	[17]
Cisplatin	Inorganic platinum complex	Decreased heart weight, enhanced angiogenesis	C57 mouse	[18]
Cisplatin	Inorganic platinum complex	Myocyte necrosis and cytoplasmic vacuolization; hemorrhage, interstitial edema	Wistar rat	[19, 20]
Cyclophosphamide	Alkylating agent	Interstitial myocardial hemorrhage, multifocal myofiber necrosis, inflammation, vascular endothelial damage, pericarditis, valvulitis	Rat	[21, 22]
Cyclophosphamide	Alkylating agent	Hemorrhagic myocarditis	Rabbit	[23]
5-Fluorouracil	Antimetabolite	Interstitial hemorrhage, multifocal myocyte necrosis, inflammation, small blood vessel inflammation, valvulitis, pericarditis	Rat	[24]
5-Fluorouracil	Antimetabolite	Chronic left ventricular hypertrophy, myocardial necrosis, thickening intra-myocardial arterioles; acute hemorrhagic myocardial infarct, spasms of proximal coronary arteries	Rabbit	[25]
Interleukin-2	T cell growth factor	Endothelial cell hypertrophy and hyperplasia, perivascular inflammation, myocardial necrosis	Wistar rat	[26]
Vincristine	Tubulin binding	Diffuse ventricular myocyte degeneration and necrosis; vacuoles and eosinophilic granules present in degenerating myocytes	Sprague-Dawley rat	[27]
Carfilzomib	Protease inhibitor	Myocardial degeneration, myofibrillar cytoplasmic vacuoles, bands of hypochromatic cells with pyknotic nuclei, inflammation	Rat	[28]

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