5-FU induced cardiotoxicity: case series and review of the literature

Cardio-Oncology

Table 1 Incidence of Cardiotoxicity According to Regimen of Fluoropyrimidine

Author	Cancer Studied	5-FU regimen used	Number of patients	Overall 5-FU induced cardiotoxicity incidence (N)	Signs and symptoms
Polk et al.	Breast cancer	Capecitabine^a	452	4.9% (22)	Chest pain, dyspnea
Jensen et al.	Colorectal cancer	FOLFOX4^b	106	8.5% (9)	Angina
Holubec et al.	Colorectal cancer	de Gramont regimen^c FOLFIRI^d	42	57% (24)	Elevated cardiac biomarkers
Yilmaz et al.	GI cancer	de Gramont^c	27	7.4% (2)	Angina
Turan et al.	Not specified	Not specified	32	12.5% (4)	Angina, ECG changes
Ng et al.	Colorectal cancer	XELOX^e	153	6.5% (10)	Angina, Heart failure, Sudden cardiac death
Meydan et al.	GI, Breast, and Head and Neck cancers	de Gramont regimen^c	231	3.9% (9)	Acute coronary syndrome, heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia

^aCapecitabine: 1000 mg/m² orally twice daily
^bFOLFOX4: oxaliplatin 85 mg/m² IV, leucovorin 200 mg/m² IV, 5-FU IV bolus 400 mg/m² followed by continuous IV infusion 5-FU 600 mg/m² over 22 h
^cde Gramont regimen: leucovorin 200 mg/m² IV, 5-FU bolus 400 mg/m² and 5-FU 600 mg/m² continuous IV infusion over 22 h
^dFOLFIRI: irinotecan 180 mg/m² IV, leucovorin 400 mg/m² IV, 5-FU IV bolus 400 mg/m² followed by 5-FU 2400 mg/m² continuous IV infusion over 46 h
^eXELOX: capecitabine 1000 mg/m² two times per day on day 1–14, oxaliplatin 130 mg/m² IV on day 1

ISSN: 2057-3804