Table 5 Levels of Evidence for methods of prevention of cardiovascular disease related to cancer treatment
From: Evidence-based prediction and prevention of cardiovascular morbidity in adults treated for cancer
Timing | Intervention | Effect | Level of Evidence | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-treatment | Use of predictive models for future CVD | Risk groups to predict rate of cardiac events during 3 year follow-up after curative (HER2+) BC treatment | 2b | [15] |
During treatment | ACEi/ARB | Mean difference in delta LVEF −2.36% in pts. with early HER2+/− BC | 1a | [28] |
|  | Beta-blocker | 2,6% lower incidence of LVEF < 50% compared to placebo, NNT 38 | 1a | [29] |
|  | Statins | No difference in LVEF < 50% | 1b | [39] |
| Â | Aspirin/anticoagulants | n.a. | n.a. | Â |
| Â | Other drugs; dexrazoxane | Reduces risk of CHF and cardiac events | 1a | [40] |
| Â | Other drugs; sildenafil | No difference LVEF-declines | 1b | [42] |
| Â | Smoking cessation | Circumstantial: smokers increased reisk for cardiac toxicity related to radiotherapy | n.a. | Â |
| Â | Weight loss | Circumstantial: reduction non-BC mortality in BC survivors | n.a. | Â |
|  | Physical exercise | Hypothesis generating for ongoing RCT’s | 5 |  |
Post treatment | Primary prevention | Indirect evidence from general population | n.a. | Â |