All (n = 105,897) | No AS (n = 98,884) | Moderate or severe AS (n = 7013) | P value | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 61.1 ± 17.5 | 60.0 ± 17.3 | 77.1 ± 11.4 | < 0.001 |
Sex | 0.883 | |||
Males | 52,655 (49.7%) | 49,162 (49.7%) | 3493 (49.8%) | |
Females | 53,242 (50.3%) | 49,722 (50.3%) | 3520 (50.2%) | |
Ethnicity | < 0.001 | |||
Arabs | 7314 (6.9%) | 7008 (7.1%) | 306 (4.4%) | |
Jews | 98,583 (93.1%) | 91,876 (92.9%) | 6707 (95.6%) | |
SESa | 0.458 | |||
Low | 17,464 (16.5%) | 16,291 (16.5%) | 1173 (16.7%) | |
Middle | 53,310 (50.3%) | 49,820 (50.4%) | 3481 (49.6%) | |
High | 33,175 (31.3%) | 30,936 (31.3%) | 2239 (32.0%) | |
Comorbidities and risk factors | ||||
Smoking | 38,328 (36.2%) | 35,833 (36.2%) | 2495 (35.6%) | 0.266 |
Alcohol abuse | 1052 (1.0%) | 992 (1.0%) | 60 (0.9%) | 0.238 |
Obesity | 25,451 (24.0%) | 23,171 (23.4%) | 2280 (32.5%) | < 0.001 |
Previous cancer | 18,725 (17.7%) | 16,957 (17.1%) | 1768 (25.2%) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes | 26,830 (25.3%) | 23,976 (24.2%) | 2854 (40.7%) | < 0.001 |
Hypertension | 54,362 (51.3%) | 48,681 (49.2%) | 5681 (81.0%) | < 0.001 |
Congestive heart failure | 11,211 (10.6%) | 9095 (9.2%) | 2116 (30.2%) | < 0.001 |
Previous myocardial infarction | 20,607 (19.5%) | 18,275 (18.5%) | 2332 (33.3%) | < 0.001 |
Ischemic heart disease | 31,523 (29.8%) | 27,659 (28.0%) | 3864 (55.1%) | < 0.001 |
Peripheral vascular disease | 9756 (9.2%) | 8095 (8.2%) | 1661 (23.7%) | < 0.001 |
Previous stroke | 11,419 (10.8%) | 10,060 (10.2%) | 1359 (19.4%) | < 0.001 |
Atrial fibrillation | 13,087 (12.4%) | 10,980 (11.1%) | 2107 (30.0%) | < 0.001 |
Medications use | ||||
Aspirin | 34,982 (33.0%) | 31,334 (31.7%) | 3648 (52.0%) | < 0.001 |
Statin | 44,690 (42.2%) | 40,014 (40.5%) | 4676 (66.7%) | < 0.001 |
Beta blockers | 31,845 (30.1%) | 28,248 (28.6%) | 3597 (51.3%) | < 0.001 |
ACE-i/ARBs | 39,413 (37.2%) | 35,105 (35.5%) | 4308 (61.4%) | < 0.001 |
Diuretics | 21,975 (20.8%) | 18,930 (19.1%) | 3045 (43.4%) | < 0.001 |
Echocardiography | ||||
LVEDD (cm) | 4.60 ± 057 | 4.60 ± 0.56 | 4.60 ± 0.67 | 0.975 |
LVESD (cm) | 2.84 ± 0.64 | 2.84 ± 0.63 | 2.98 ± 0.76 | < 0.001 |
IVS (cm) | 1.01 ± 0.23 | 0.99 ± 0.22 | 1.24 ± 0.20 | < 0.001 |
PW (cm) | 0.94 ± 0.19 | 0.92 ± 0.18 | 1.14 ± 0.19 | < 0.001 |
LV MASS (gr) | 156.9 ± 60.15 | 152.76 ± 58.00 | 209.22 ± 62.00 | < 0.001 |
As severity | ||||
Severe AS | 4125 (58.8%) | |||
Moderate AS | 2888 (41.2%) | |||
Aortic valve area (cm2) | ||||
Mean ± SD | 0.94 ± 0.28 | |||
Median (IQR) | 0.90 (0.70–1.13) | |||
Max aortic velocity (m/s) | ||||
Mean ± SD | 3.53 ± 0.83 | |||
Median (IQR) | 3.46 (2.93–4.09) | |||
Mean aortic gradient (mmHg) | ||||
Mean ± SD | 32.0 ± 17.6 | |||
Median (IQR) | 29.0 (20.0–42.0) |