Table 1 Characteristics of 80 childhood and young adult cancer survivors with low left ventricular ejection fraction
Characteristic | N (%) | LVEF 50–54.9% N = 38 (47.5%) | LVEF 41–49.9% N = 18 (25.0%) | LVEF < 41% N = 24 (30.0%) | P-valuea |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Survival status | 0.027 | ||||
Alive | 69 (86.3) | 36 (94.7) | 16 (88.9) | 17 (70.8) | |
Deceased | 11 (13.8) | 2 (5.3) | 2 (11.1) | 7 (29.2) | |
Age at diagnosis | 0.706 | ||||
0–5 | 12 (15.0) | 4 (10.5) | 3 (16.7) | 5 (20.8) | |
6–10 | 8 (10.0) | 4 (10.5) | 3 (16.7) | 1 (4.2) | |
11–15 | 18 (22.5) | 9 (23.7) | 3 (16.7) | 6 (25.0) | |
16–20 | 19 (23.8) | 9 (23.7) | 6 (33.3) | 4 (16.7) | |
> 20 | 23 (28.8) | 12 (31.6) | 3 (16.7) | 8 (33.3) | |
Sex | 0.995 | ||||
Male | 36 (45.0) | 17 (44.7) | 8 (44.4) | 11 (45.8) | |
Female | 44 (55.0) | 21 (55.3) | 10 (55.6) | 13 (54.2) | |
Race/ethnicity | 0.223 | ||||
NH White | 70 (87.5) | 32 (84.2) | 17 (94.4) | 21 (87.5) | |
NH African American | 5 (6.3) | 4 (10.5) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | |
Hispanic (any race) | 3 (3.8) | 2 (5.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | |
NH Asian | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | |
Other | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | |
Comorbidities | |||||
Diabetes | 12 (15.0) | 1 (2.6) | 3 (16.7) | 8 (33.3) | 0.004 |
Hypertension | 12 (15.0) | 6 (15.8) | 1 (5.6) | 5 (20.8) | 0.383 |
Hyperlipidemia | 22 (27.5) | 10 (26.3) | 5 (27.8) | 7 (29.2) | 0.970 |
Primary Cancer | 0.095 | ||||
Hodgkin's lymphoma | 31 (38.8) | 9 (23.7) | 7 (38.9) | 15 (62.5) | |
Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma | 12 (15.0) | 6 (15.8) | 3 (16.7) | 3 (12.5) | |
Leukemia | 5 (6.3) | 3 (7.9) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (4.2) | |
Sarcoma | 26 (32.5) | 18 (47.4) | 5 (27.8) | 3 (12.5) | |
Neuroblastoma | 3 (3.8) | 1 (2.6) | 2 (11.1) | 0 (0.0) | |
Retinoblastoma | 1 (1.3) | 1 (2.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
Germ cell cancer | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | |
Renal cancer | 1 (1.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (4.2) | |
Treatment type | 0.008 | ||||
Anthracycline only | 31 (38.8) | 21 (55.2) | 4 (22.2) | 6 (25.0) | |
RT only | 7 (8.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (11.1) | 5 (20.8) | |
Anthracycline and RT | 42 (52.5) | 17 (44.7) | 12 (66.7) | 13 (54.2) | |
Anthracycline dose (mg/m2)b | 0.191 | ||||
None | 7 (8.8) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (11.1) | 5 (20.8) | |
< 250 | 16 (20.0) | 7 (18.4) | 5 (27.8) | 4 (16.7) | |
250–399 | 31 (38.8) | 16 (42.1) | 6 (33.3) | 9 (37.5) | |
400–500 | 17 (21.3) | 10 (26.3) | 4 (22.2) | 3 (12.5) | |
> 500 | 5 (6.3) | 3 (7.9) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (8.3) | |
Dose unknown | 4 (5.0) | 2 (2.6) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (4.2) | |
Thoracic RT dose (cGy) | 0.030 | ||||
None | 31 (38.8) | 21 (55.3) | 4 (22.2) | 6 (25.0) | |
< 2500 | 14 (17.5) | 6 (15.8) | 5 (27.8) | 3 (12.5) | |
2500–3999 | 18 (22.5) | 8 (21.1) | 3 (16.7) | 7 (29.2) | |
4000–6000 | 12 (15.0) | 2 (5.3) | 5 (27.8) | 5 (20.8) | |
> 6000 | 2 (2.5) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (8.3) | |
Dose unknown | 3 (3.8) | 1 (2.6) | 1 (5.6) | 1 (4.2) | |
Dexrazoxane therapy | 10 (12.5) | 9 (23.7) | 1 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | 0.049 |