Table 4 Univariate and multivariable cox proportional hazard analysis for all-cause mortality
Variables | Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | p value | |
Clinical variables | ||||
 Prior XRT | 1.94 (1.18–3.06) | 0.009 | 2.07 (1.24–3.31) | 0.005 |
 STS score (per unit change) | 1.04 (1.01–1.07) | 0.001 | 1.00 (0.96–1.03) | 0.93 |
 Age (per unit change) | 0.99 (0.97–1.02) | 0.7 |  |  |
 Gender (Male versus Female) | 1.2 (0.81–1.78) | 0.35 |  |  |
 BMI (kg/m2, per unit change) | 0.99 (0.96–1.03) | 0.9 |  |  |
 Hypertension | 1.21 (0.62–2.72) | 0.58 |  |  |
 Diabetes mellitus | 1.00 (0.66–1.50) | 0.96 |  |  |
 Hyperlipidemia | 1.54 (1.02–2.37) | 0.03 | 1.48 (0.96–2.31) | 0.07 |
 Smoking | 1.37 (0.92–2.04) | 0.11 |  |  |
 Prior Stroke | 1.60 (0.98–2.51) | 0.05 |  |  |
 COPD | 1.49 (1.01–2.20) | 0.04 | 1.21 (0.74–2.00) | 0.43 |
 CAD | 1.29 (0.86–1.97) | 0.21 |  |  |
 3 Vessel CAD | 0.85 (0.53–1.32) | 0.49 |  |  |
 End stage renal disease | 3.03 (1.61–5.23) | 0.001 | 0.96 (0.28–2.92) | 0.94 |
 Peripheral artery disease | 1.24 (0.82–1.84) | 0.29 |  |  |
 Atrial Fibrillation | 1.30 (0.87–1.92) | 0.18 |  |  |
 Prior Cardiac surgery | 0.90 (0.59–1.36) | 0.65 |  |  |
 ICM (EF < 50% and CAD) | 1.25 (0.73–1.89) | 0.44 |  |  |
 Previous PCI | 1.03 (0.62–1.64) | 0.88 |  |  |
 Prior Pacemaker | 1.24 (0.74–1.99) | 0.38 |  |  |
 Angina | 0.97 (0.90–1.46) | 0.9 |  |  |
 Syncope | 1.21 (0.53–2.36) | 0.61 |  |  |
 Dyspnea on exertion | 1.37 (0.70–3.10) | 0.36 |  |  |
 Pre-TAVR KCCQ12 score (per unit change) | 0.37 (0.12–1.06) | 0.06 |  |  |
Lab /Echo Variable | ||||
 Pre-TAVR Hb (gm, per unit change) | 0.79 (0.70–0.89) | 0.0002 | 090 (0.78–1.04) | 0.17 |
 Creatinine (per unit change) | 1.22 (1.09–1.33) | 0.0006 | 0.87 (0.66–1.13) | 0.32 |
 eGFR (per unit change) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.13 |  |  |
 FEV1 (per unit change) | 0.98 (0.98–0.99) | 0.01 | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.43 |
 LV EF (%, per unit change) | 0.99 (0.98–1.01) | 0.59 |  |  |
 AR (per level increase in severity) | 1.26 (0.71–2.24) | 0.06 |  |  |
 Presence of MS | 1.80 (0.96–3.12) | 0.06 |  |  |
 MR (per level increase in severity) | 1.32 (0.69–2.51) | 0.33 |  |  |
 TR (per level increase in severity) | 0.81 (0.41–1.58) | 0.36 |  |  |
 AVA (cm2, per unit change) | 1.38 (0.47–3.87) | 0.54 |  |  |
 Mean AV gradient (mmHg, per unit change) | 0.99 (0.98–1.00) | 0.43 |  |  |
 Peak AV gradient (mmHg, per unit change) | 0.99 (0.99–1.00) | 0.88 |  |  |
 Reduced LV-SVI | 1.13 (0.76–1.67) | 0.51 |  |  |
 RVSP (mmHg, per unit change) | 1.01 (1.00–1.02) | 0.01 | 1.01 (0.99–1.02) | 0.05 |
Medications | ||||
 Aspirin | 1.15 (0.76–1.78) | 0.5 |  |  |
 Beta-Blocker | 1.37 (0.79–2.58) | 0.27 |  |  |
 Statins | 1.52 (0.99–2.32) | 0.05 |  |  |
 ACE/ARBs | 1.05 (0.69–1.57) | 0.81 |  |  |
Operative and Post-Operative variables | ||||
 Operative time (in hours, per unit change) | 1.00 (0.99–1.00) | 0.09 |  |  |
 TVT Access (Femoral vs others) | 1.07 (0.63–1.94) | 0.8 |  |  |
 Type of Valve (Edward Sapiens vs Core valve) | 0.77 (0.48–1.29) | 0.31 |  |  |
 Para-valvular leak (mod-severe) | 0.58 (0.09–2.01) | 0.18 |  |  |
 Post Op Atrial fibrillation | 1.55 (0.82–2.68) | 0.16 |  |  |
 Creatinine at discharge (mg, per unit change) | 1.33 (1.19–1.47) | < 0.001 | 1.43 (1.11–1.85) | 0.004 |
 Post procedure Hb (gm, per unit change) | 0.82 (0.72–0.92) | 0.001 | 1.03 (0.87–1.23) | 0.66 |
 Per units’ blood transfused | 1.22 (1.12–1.32) | < 0.0001 | 1.17 (1.05–1.30) | 0.003 |
 Post-LVEF (%, per unit change) | 0.99 (0.97–1.00) | 0.29 |  |  |