Clinicopathological classification of immune checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis: possible refinement by measuring macrophage abundance

Table 2 Patient characteristics – diagnostic testing

	*All*	*Possible*	*Probable*	*Definite*	P	*P (Pos vs Pro)*	*P (Pos vs Def)*	*P (Pro vs Def)*
Cardiac MRI
LVEF (%)^a	42 ± 20	37 ± 13	47 ± 20	41 ± 22	0.756
Late gadolinium enhancement^b	8 (57)	2 (50)	2 (67)	4 (57)		0.999	0.999	0.999
Wall motion abnormality^a	10 (63)	3 (75)	3 (60)	4 (57)		0.999	0.999	0.999
Transthoracic echocardiography
Pre-ICI LVEF (%)^c	57 ± 13	44 ± 16	61 ± 7	61 ± 10	0.0382	0.066	0.065	0.999
Post-ICI LVEF (%)^d	43 ± 19	38 ± 14	44 ± 21	45 ± 19	0.778
Change in LVEF from baseline (%)^e	-15 ± 17	-4 ± 14	-19 ± 18	-17 ± 16	0.419
Wall motion score index^f	24 ± 8	25 ± 9	26 ± 9	23 ± 7	0.575
Pericardial effusion^g	7 (29)	2 (33)	3 (43)	2 (18)		0.999	0.517	0.617
ECG changes (any)^h	20 (91)	3 (75)	7 (88)	10 (100)		0.999	0.286	0.444
Heart block	6 (27)	2 (50)	1 (13)	3 (30)		0.236	0.580	0.588
Arrhythmias	12 (55)	1 (25)	4 (50)	7 (70)		0.576	0.245	0.631
ST/T wave changes	13 (59)	1 (25)	6 (75)	6 (60)		0.222	0.559	0.638
Organ inflammation (any)ⁱ	5 (19)	1 (17)	3 (33)	1 (9)		0.604	0.999	0.285
Peak Biomarkers
Troponin I (ng/mL)^j	4.4 ± 17.4	0.2 ± 0.2	12 ± 29	0.9 ± 0.9	0.357
NT-proBNP (pg/mL)^k	9,896 ± 18,841	1,786 ± 969	17,267 ± 24,549	8,791 ± 16,928	0.398
CRP (mg/L)^l	79 ± 79	106 ± 74	72 ± 68	76 ± 87	0.842

Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%). Fisher’s exact test was used when comparing categorical variables and Student’s t-test or analysis of variance when comparing continuous variables. P values < 0.05 were considered significant. The n are defined as the following for All, Possible, Probable, and Definite, respectively: ^an = 16, 4, 5, 7; ^bn = 14, 4, 3, 7; ^cn = 20, 5, 7, 8; ^dn = 25, 5, 9, 11; ^en = 18, 4, 6, 8; ^fn = 17, 2, 7, 8; ^gn = 24, 4, 9, 11; ^hn = 22, 4, 8, 10; ⁱn = 26, 6, 9, 11; ^jn = 24, 5, 8, 11; ^kn = 22, 5, 7, 10; ^ln = 18, 3, 7, 8. Possible, Probable, and Definite are based on the proposed reclassified myocarditis patient cohorts. Heart block included non-specific intraventricular block, right bundle branch block, left bundle branch block, or left anterior fascicular block
CRP C-reactive protein, ECG Electrocardiogram, ICI Immune checkpoint inhibitors, LVEF Left ventricle ejection fraction, MRI Magnetic resonance imaging, NT-proBNP N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide

ISSN: 2057-3804