Table 4 Upright Cycle Ergometer Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing

Pulmonary Function Results

FVC (%)

102 [94–107]

87 [83–107]

0.247

FEV₁ (%)

105 [99–114]

102 [86–114]

0.792

FEV₁/FVC ratio

0.78 [0.73–0.81]

0.79 [0.76–0.85]

0.429

Upright Exercise Test Results

Power output (watts)

232 [128–268]

127 [94–149]

0.065

Exercise Time (sec)

706 [610–806]

526 [450–600]

0.093

Work Efficiency (mL/min/Watt)

8.8 [8.8–9.7]

8.0 [6.1–10.2]

0.394

Peak VO₂ (mL·kg^− 1·min^− 1)

31.7 [21.7–33.8]

17.5 [11.7–19.5]

0.009

%-predicted peak VO2

107 [100–112]

61 [47–79]

0.002

Peak VO₂ (L·min^− 1/m²)

1.30 [0.82–1.42]

0.70 [0.50–0.88]

0.015

Ventilatory Anaerobic Threshold (mL·kg^− 1·min^− 1)

16.4 [14.0-22.3]

9.9 [8.1–13.8]

0.015

Peak RER

1.18 [1.13–1.33]

1.22 [1.14–1.28]

0.818

VE/VCO₂ slope

26.6 [23.5–29.9]

30.2 [27.4–39.7]

0.132

OUES

2.47 [1.55–2.89]

1.69 [1.15–2.07]

0.240

Rest PetCO₂, mmHg

34.8 [32.1–38.9]

29.0 [25.5–34.1]

0.093

PetCO₂ at VAT, mmHg

42.0 [38.8–47.3]

36.0 [30.8–38.0]

0.009

Resting HR (bpm)

64 [57–69]

85 [71–93]

0.041

Peak HR (bpm)

143 [132–164]

143 [125–157]

0.394

%-predicted peak HR

90 [84–95]

87 [74–96]

0.818

Rest MAP, mmHg

92 [86–102]

84 [75–86]

0.015

Peak MAP, mmHg

114 [105–123]

99 [87–106]

0.041

RPE (6–20)

17.0 [16.8–18.5]

16.5 [14.8–19.0]

0.589

Dyspnea (0–10)

4.5 [3.8–7.3]

4.0 [3.8–8.3]

1.000